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<title>WebGPU</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">WebGPU</span></span>

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</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title fn">WebGPU</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="World_Wide_Web_Consortium#Candidate_recommendation_(CR)" title="World Wide Web Consortium">Candidate recommendation (CR)</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Year started</th><td class="infobox-data">18 May 2021<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2021-05-18</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First published</th><td class="infobox-data">18 May 2021<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2021-05-18</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Latest version</th><td class="infobox-data">W3C Candidate recommendation<br>(As of 2025)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Organization</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="World_Wide_Web_Consortium" title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Committee</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

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</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Editors</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist">

<ul><li>Kai Ninomiya</li>

<li>Brandon Jones</li>

<li>Jim Blandy</li>

<li>Myles C. Maxfield (former)</li>

<li>Dzmitry Malyshau (former)</li>

<li>Justin Fan (former)</li></ul>

</div><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Related standards</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist">

<ul><li><a href="Web_colors#CSS_Color_4" title="Web colors">CSS Color Module Level 4</a></li>

<li><a href="ECMAScript" title="ECMAScript">ECMAScript</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Domain</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist">

<ul><li><a href="General-purpose_computing_on_graphics_processing_units" title="General-purpose computing on graphics processing units">GPU computing</a></li>

<li><a href="ECMAScript" title="ECMAScript">ECMAScript</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/webgpu/">www<wbr>.w3<wbr>.org<wbr>/TR<wbr>/webgpu<wbr>/</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>WebGPU API</b> is a <a href="JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a>, <a href="Rust_(programming_language)" title="Rust (programming language)">Rust</a>, <a href="C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>, and <a href="C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a> <a href="API" title="API">API</a> for cross-platform efficient <a href="Graphics_processing_unit" title="Graphics processing unit">graphics processing unit</a> (GPU) access. Using a system's underlying <a href="Vulkan" title="Vulkan">Vulkan</a>, <a href="Metal_(API)" title="Metal (API)">Metal</a>, or <a href="Direct3D_12" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct3D 12">Direct3D 12</a> technologies, WebGPU allows for graphics processing, games, and more, as well as AI and machine learning applications. WebGPU is intended to supersede the older <a href="WebGL" title="WebGL">WebGL</a> as the main graphics standard for the Web.<sup id="cite_ref-chrome113_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chrome113-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In JavaScript, WebGPU can be provided by a <a href="Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browser</a> or other JavaScript environment like <a href="Node.js" title="Node.js">Node.js</a> and <a href="Deno_(software)" title="Deno (software)">Deno</a>. Rust and C++ can use their respective implementations of the WebGPU specification. Other languages like <a href="Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a>, <a href="Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a>, and <a href="Go_(programming_language)" title="Go (programming language)">Go</a> can use WebGPU by extending the C language specification.

</p><p><a href="Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a> and <a href="Microsoft_Edge" title="Microsoft Edge">Microsoft Edge</a> first released WebGPU support in April 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-chrome113_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chrome113-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-officialStatus_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-officialStatus-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a> debuted WebGPU support in June 2025 with Safari 26.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of June 2025, <a href="Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</a> has experimental support.<sup id="cite_ref-officialStatus_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-officialStatus-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="W3C" class="mw-redirect" title="W3C">W3C</a> standard is a candidate recommendation.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technology">Technology</h2></div>

<p>WebGPU enables 3D graphics within an <a href="HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> <a href="Canvas_element" title="Canvas element">canvas</a>. It also has robust support for <a href="General-purpose_computing_on_graphics_processing_units" title="General-purpose computing on graphics processing units">general-purpose GPU</a> computations.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>WebGPU uses its own <a href="Shading_language" title="Shading language">shading language</a> called <a href="WebGPU_Shading_Language" title="WebGPU Shading Language">WebGPU Shading Language (WGSL)</a> that was designed to be trivially translatable to <a href="SPIR-V" class="mw-redirect" title="SPIR-V">SPIR-V</a>, until complaints caused redirection into a more traditional design, similar to other shading languages. The syntax is similar to <a href="Rust_(programming_language)" title="Rust (programming language)">Rust</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tint is a <a href="Google" title="Google">Google</a>-made <a href="Compiler" title="Compiler">compiler</a> for WGSL.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Naga is a similar project developed for the needs of wgpu-rs.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Implementations">Implementations</h2></div>

<p>Both <a href="Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a> and <a href="Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</a> support WebGPU and WGSL. Firefox and <a href="Deno_(software)" title="Deno (software)">Deno</a> use the Rust wgpu library.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a> follows upstream specifications of both WebGPU and WGSL.<sup id="cite_ref-officialStatus_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-officialStatus-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Chrome version 113 enabled initial WebGPU support on <a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> devices with <a href="Direct3D" title="Direct3D">Direct3D 12</a>, <a href="ChromeOS" title="ChromeOS">ChromeOS</a> devices with <a href="Vulkan" title="Vulkan">Vulkan</a>, and <a href="MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a> with <a href="Metal_(API)" title="Metal (API)">Metal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-chrome113_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chrome113-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This support for <a href="Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> was enabled in version 121.<sup id="cite_ref-officialStatus_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-officialStatus-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>On June 8, 2016, Google showed "Explicit web graphics API" presentation to the <a href="WebGL" title="WebGL">WebGL</a> working group (during the bi-annual face to face meeting).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The presentation explored the basic ideas and principles of building a new API to eventually replace WebGL, aka "WebGL Next".

</p><p>On January 24, 2017, <a href="Khronos_Group" title="Khronos Group">Khronos</a> hosted an IP-free meeting dedicated to discussion of "WebGL Next" ideas, collided with WebGL working group meeting in Vancouver.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Google team presented the NXT prototype implementing a new API that could run in <a href="Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</a> with OpenGL, or standalone with OpenGL and Metal. NXT borrowed concepts from all of Vulkan, Direct3D 12, and Metal native APIs. Apple and Mozilla representatives also showed their prototypes built on <a href="Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a> and <a href="Servo_(software)" title="Servo (software)">Servo</a> correspondingly, both of which closely replicated the Metal API.

</p><p>On February 7, 2017, Apple's <a href="WebKit" title="WebKit">WebKit</a> team proposed the creation of the W3C community group to design the API. At the same time they announced a technical <a href="Proof_of_concept" title="Proof of concept">proof of concept</a> and proposal under the name

"WebGPU", based on concepts in Apple's <a href="Metal_(API)" title="Metal (API)">Metal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The WebGPU name was later adopted by the community group as a working name for the future standard rather than just Apple's initial proposal.<sup id="cite_ref-blink-i2i_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blink-i2i-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The initial proposal has been renamed to "WebMetal" to avoid further confusion.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The W3C "GPU for the Web" Community Group was launched on February 16, 2017. At this time, all of Apple, Google, and Mozilla had experiments in the area, but only Apple's proposal was officially submitted to the "gpuweb-proposals" repository.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

Shortly after, on March 21, 2017, Mozilla submitted a proposal for WebGL Next within Khronos repository, based on the Vulkan design.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>On June 1, 2018, citing "resolution on most-high level issues" in the cross-browser standardization effort, Google's <a href="Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Chrome</a> team announced intent to implement the future WebGPU standard.<sup id="cite_ref-blink-i2i_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blink-i2i-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>On 13 February, 2020, Google unveiled Tint as an alternative to WHLSL textual language proposal to WebGPU API, and the language eventually became the standardized <a href="WebGPU_Shading_Language" title="WebGPU Shading Language">WebGPU Shading Language (WGSL)</a>, and Tint became the name of compiler within Dawn, the WebGPU implementation of Chromium.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://appleinsider.com/articles/17/02/07/apple-seeks-to-position-metal-as-part-of-new-3d-graphics-standard-for-web">"Apple seeks to position Metal as part of new 3D graphics standard for web"</a>. <i>AppleInsider</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-13</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<cite id="CITEREFClaburn2017" class="citation web cs1">Claburn, Thomas (2017-02-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.co.uk/2017/02/08/apple_webgpu/">"Web-standards-allergic Apple unveils WebGPU, a web graphics standard"</a>. <i><a href="The_Register" title="The Register">The Register</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-08-14</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-blink-i2i-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-blink-i2i_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-blink-i2i_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWallez2018" class="citation mailinglist cs1">Wallez, Corentin (2018-05-31). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/d/msg/blink-dev/dxqWTSvyhDg/1UDaFD17AQAJ">"Intent to Implement: WebGPU"</a>. <i>blink-dev</i> (Mailing list)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-13</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webkit.org/blog/7504/webgpu-prototype-and-demos/">"WebGPU Prototype and Demos"</a>. <i>WebKit</i>. 2017-04-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-01-10</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<cite id="CITEREFJackson2017" class="citation mailinglist cs1">Jackson, Dean (2017-02-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-gpu/2017Feb/0002.html">"Welcome and Getting Started"</a>. <i>public-gpu</i> (Mailing list)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-11</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<cite id="CITEREFJackson" class="citation web cs1">Jackson, Dean. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/gpuweb/proposals/commit/e608653babcc038c54212e99c941d5511bf76dc2">"Add Apple's WebGPU proposal"</a>. <i><a href="GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-03-08</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<cite id="CITEREFMalyshau" class="citation web cs1">Malyshau, Dzmitry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kvark.github.io/3d/api/2016/12/17/webmetal.html">"Prototyping a new 3D API for the Web"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-12-16</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<cite id="CITEREFMalyshau2017" class="citation news cs1">Malyshau, Dzmitry (2017-03-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kvark.github.io/web/3d/api/mozilla/2017/03/21/web-platform.html">"Defining the Web platform"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-11</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<cite id="CITEREFMalyshau" class="citation web cs1">Malyshau, Dzmitry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/KhronosGroup/WebGLNext-Proposals/pull/2">"Mozilla's contribution: Obsidian API"</a>. <i><a href="GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-03-08</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webgpu.io/">Official website</a></span></span> </li></ul>

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</style><div id="Web_browsers181" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Web_browser" title="Web browser">Web browsers</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="*_Features_*_standards_*_protocols181" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">

<ul><li>Features</li>

<li>standards</li>

<li>protocols</li></ul>

</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Bookmark_(digital)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bookmark (digital)">Bookmarks</a></li>

<li><a href="Browser_extension" title="Browser extension">Extensions</a></li>

<li><a href="Private_browsing" title="Private browsing">Privacy mode</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Web_standards" title="Web standards">Web standards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a>

<ul><li><a href="WebAssembly" title="WebAssembly">WebAssembly</a></li>

<li><a href="Web_storage" title="Web storage">Web storage</a></li>

<li><a href="Indexed_Database_API" title="Indexed Database API">IndexedDB</a></li>

<li><a href="WebGL" title="WebGL">WebGL</a></li>

</ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Protocols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="HTTPS" title="HTTPS">Encryption</a></li>

<li><a href="HTTP_cookie" title="HTTP cookie">Cookies</a>

<ul><li><a href="Third-party_cookies" title="Third-party cookies">third-party</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="WebRTC" title="WebRTC">WebRTC</a></li>

<li><a href="WebSocket" title="WebSocket">WebSocket</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Active181" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Active</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Blink_(browser_engine)" title="Blink (browser engine)">Blink</a>-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a></li>

<li><a href="Avast_Secure_Browser" title="Avast Secure Browser">Avast</a></li>

<li><a href="Comodo_Dragon" title="Comodo Dragon">Comodo</a></li>

<li><a href="Ecosia#Ecosia_Browser" title="Ecosia">Ecosia</a></li>

<li><a href="Huawei_Mobile_Services" title="Huawei Mobile Services">Huawei</a></li>

<li><a href="Maxthon" title="Maxthon">Maxthon</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Edge" title="Microsoft Edge">Microsoft Edge</a></li>

<li><a href="Opera_(web_browser)" title="Opera (web browser)">Opera</a> (<a href="Opera_Mobile" title="Opera Mobile">Mobile</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Puffin_Browser" title="Puffin Browser">Puffin </a></li>

<li><a href="Samsung_Internet" title="Samsung Internet">Samsung</a></li>

<li><a href="Sleipnir_(web_browser)" title="Sleipnir (web browser)">Sleipnir</a></li>

<li><a href="SRWare_Iron" title="SRWare Iron">SRWare</a></li>

<li><a href="Vivaldi_(web_browser)" title="Vivaldi (web browser)">Vivaldi</a></li>

<li><a href="Naver_Whale" title="Naver Whale">Whale</a></li>

<li><a href="Yandex_Browser" title="Yandex Browser">Yandex</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Free_and_open-source_software" title="Free and open-source software">FOSS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</a></li>

<li><a href="Brave_(web_browser)" title="Brave (web browser)">Brave</a></li>

<li><a href="Dooble" title="Dooble">Dooble</a></li>

<li><a href="Falkon" title="Falkon">Falkon</a></li>

<li><a href="Otter_Browser" title="Otter Browser">Otter</a></li>

<li><a href="Supermium" title="Supermium">Supermium</a></li>

<li><a href="Ungoogled-chromium" title="Ungoogled-chromium">ungoogled</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Gecko_(software)" title="Gecko (software)">Gecko</a>-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</a></li>

<li><a href="Floorp" title="Floorp">Floorp</a></li>

<li><a href="GNU_IceCat" title="GNU IceCat">GNU IceCat</a></li>

<li><a href="LibreWolf" title="LibreWolf">LibreWolf</a></li>

<li><a href="Midori_(web_browser)" title="Midori (web browser)">Midori</a></li>

<li><a href="SlimBrowser" title="SlimBrowser">SlimBrowser</a></li>

<li>Gecko <a href="Fork_(software_development)" title="Fork (software development)">forks</a>

<ul><li><a href="Basilisk_(web_browser)" title="Basilisk (web browser)">Basilisk</a></li>

<li><a href="K-Meleon" title="K-Meleon">K-Meleon</a></li>

<li><a href="SeaMonkey" title="SeaMonkey">SeaMonkey</a></li>

<li><a href="Waterfox" title="Waterfox">Waterfox</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="WebKit" title="WebKit">WebKit</a>-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a></li>

<li><a href="GNOME_Web" title="GNOME Web">GNOME Web</a></li>

<li><a href="Kagi_(search_engine)#Orion_Browser" title="Kagi (search engine)">Orion</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multi-<a href="Browser_engine" title="Browser engine">engine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="DuckDuckGo_Private_Browser" title="DuckDuckGo Private Browser">DuckDuckGo</a></li>

<li><a href="Konqueror" title="Konqueror">Konqueror</a></li>

<li><a href="Lunascape" title="Lunascape">Lunascape</a></li>

<li><a href="NetFront" title="NetFront">NetFront</a></li>

<li><a href="Qutebrowser" title="Qutebrowser">qutebrowser</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Dillo" title="Dillo">Dillo</a></li>

<li><a href="Ladybird_(web_browser)" title="Ladybird (web browser)">Ladybird</a></li>

<li><a href="Links_(web_browser)" title="Links (web browser)">Links</a></li>

<li><a href="NetSurf" title="NetSurf">NetSurf</a></li>

<li><a href="Opera_Mini" title="Opera Mini">Opera Mini</a></li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Discontinued181" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Discontinued</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Blink_(browser_engine)" title="Blink (browser engine)">Blink</a>-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Beaker_(web_browser)" title="Beaker (web browser)">Beaker</a></li>

<li><a href="Citrio" title="Citrio">Citrio</a></li>

<li><a href="Flock_(web_browser)" title="Flock (web browser)">Flock</a></li>

<li><a href="Redcore" title="Redcore">Redcore</a></li>

<li><a href="Rockmelt" title="Rockmelt">Rockmelt</a></li>

<li><a href="SalamWeb" title="SalamWeb">SalamWeb</a></li>

<li><a href="Sputnik_(search_engine)#Browser" title="Sputnik (search engine)">Sputnik</a></li>

<li><a href="Torch_(web_browser)" title="Torch (web browser)">Torch</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Gecko_(software)" title="Gecko (software)">Gecko</a>-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Beonex_Communicator" title="Beonex Communicator">Beonex</a></li>

<li><a href="Camino_(web_browser)" title="Camino (web browser)">Camino</a></li>

<li><a href="Classilla" title="Classilla">Classilla</a></li>

<li><a href="Conkeror" title="Conkeror">Conkeror</a></li>

<li><a href="Firefox_Lite" class="mw-redirect" title="Firefox Lite">Firefox Lite</a></li>

<li><a href="Galeon" title="Galeon">Galeon</a></li>

<li><a href="Ghostzilla" title="Ghostzilla">Ghostzilla</a></li>

<li><a href="Comodo_IceDragon" title="Comodo IceDragon">IceDragon</a></li>

<li><a href="Kazehakase" title="Kazehakase">Kazehakase</a></li>

<li><a href="IBM_Lotus_Symphony" title="IBM Lotus Symphony">Lotus</a></li>

<li><a href="MicroB" title="MicroB">MicroB</a></li>

<li><a href="Minimo" title="Minimo">Minimo</a></li>

<li><a href="Mozilla_Application_Suite" title="Mozilla Application Suite">Mozilla suite</a></li>

<li><a href="PirateBrowser" title="PirateBrowser">PirateBrowser</a></li>

<li><a href="Kirix_Strata" title="Kirix Strata">Strata</a></li>

<li><a href="Swiftfox" title="Swiftfox">Swiftfox</a></li>

<li><a href="Swiftweasel" title="Swiftweasel">Swiftweasel</a></li>

<li><a href="TenFourFox" class="mw-redirect" title="TenFourFox">TenFourFox</a></li>

<li><a href="Timberwolf_(web_browser)" title="Timberwolf (web browser)">Timberwolf</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Trident_(software)" title="Trident (software)">MSHTML</a>-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a></li>

<li><a href="Deepnet_Explorer" title="Deepnet Explorer">Deepnet</a></li>

<li><a href="GreenBrowser" title="GreenBrowser">GreenBrowser</a></li>

<li><a href="MediaBrowser" title="MediaBrowser">MediaBrowser</a></li>

<li><a href="MSN_Dial-Up_Internet_Access#MSN_Explorer" title="MSN Dial-Up Internet Access">MSN Explorer</a></li>

<li><a href="MSN_Dial-Up_Internet_Access#MSN_2.0" title="MSN Dial-Up Internet Access">MSN Program Viewer</a></li>

<li><a href="NeoPlanet" title="NeoPlanet">NeoPlanet</a></li>

<li><a href="NetCaptor" title="NetCaptor">NetCaptor</a></li>

<li><a href="SpaceTime_(software)" title="SpaceTime (software)">SpaceTime</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Arora_(web_browser)" title="Arora (web browser)">Arora</a></li>

<li><a href="Dolphin_Browser" title="Dolphin Browser">Dolphin</a></li>

<li><a href="Fluid_(web_browser)" title="Fluid (web browser)">Fluid</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_TV_(smart_TV_platform)" class="mw-redirect" title="Google TV (smart TV platform)">Google TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Mercury_Browser" title="Mercury Browser">Mercury</a></li>

<li><a href="Nokia_Browser_for_Symbian" title="Nokia Browser for Symbian">Nokia Symbian</a></li>

<li><a href="OmniWeb" title="OmniWeb">OmniWeb</a></li>

<li><a href="Opera_Coast" title="Opera Coast">Opera Coast</a></li>

<li><a href="Origyn_Web_Browser" title="Origyn Web Browser">Origyn</a></li>

<li><a href="QtWeb" title="QtWeb">QtWeb</a></li>

<li><a href="Shiira" title="Shiira">Shiira</a></li>

<li><a href="Steel_(web_browser)" title="Steel (web browser)">Steel</a></li>

<li><a href="WebPositive" class="mw-redirect" title="WebPositive">WebPositive</a></li>

<li><a href="Xombrero" title="Xombrero">xombrero</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Abaco_(web_browser)" title="Abaco (web browser)">abaco</a></li>

<li><a href="Amaya_(web_editor)" title="Amaya (web editor)">Amaya</a></li>

<li><a href="Arachne_(web_browser)" title="Arachne (web browser)">Arachne</a></li>

<li><a href="Arena_(web_browser)" title="Arena (web browser)">Arena</a></li>

<li><a href="Blazer_(web_browser)" title="Blazer (web browser)">Blazer</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Live_Labs_Deepfish" title="Microsoft Live Labs Deepfish">Deepfish</a></li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Edge_Legacy" title="Microsoft Edge Legacy">Edge Legacy</a></li>

<li><a href="ELinks" title="ELinks">ELinks</a></li>

<li><a href="Gazelle_(web_browser)" title="Gazelle (web browser)">Gazelle</a></li>

<li><a href="HotJava" title="HotJava">HotJava</a></li>

<li><a href="IBM_Home_Page_Reader" title="IBM Home Page Reader">IBM Home Page Reader</a></li>

<li><a href="IBM_WebExplorer" title="IBM WebExplorer">IBM WebExplorer</a></li>

<li><a href="IBrowse" title="IBrowse">IBrowse</a></li>

<li><a href="Internet_Explorer_for_Mac" title="Internet Explorer for Mac">Internet Explorer for Mac</a></li>

<li><a href="KidZui" title="KidZui">KidZui</a></li>

<li><a href="Mosaic_(web_browser)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosaic (web browser)">Mosaic</a></li>

<li><a href="NetPositive" class="mw-redirect" title="NetPositive">NetPositive</a></li>

<li><a href="Netscape_(web_browser)" title="Netscape (web browser)">Netscape</a></li>

<li><a href="Skweezer" title="Skweezer">Skweezer</a></li>

<li><a href="Skyfire_(company)" title="Skyfire (company)">Skyfire</a></li>

<li><a href="ThunderHawk" title="ThunderHawk">ThunderHawk</a></li>

<li><a href="Vision_Mobile_Browser" title="Vision Mobile Browser">Vision</a></li>

<li><a href="WinWAP" title="WinWAP">WinWAP</a></li>

<li><a href="WorldWideWeb" title="WorldWideWeb">WorldWideWeb</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<li><a href="Comparison_of_web_browsers" title="Comparison of web browsers">Comparison</a></li>

<li>Category</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Web_interfaces26" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Web_interfaces26" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Web_API" title="Web API">Web interfaces</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold"><div id="Server-side154"><a href="Server-side" class="mw-redirect" title="Server-side">Server-side</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Communication_protocol" title="Communication protocol">Protocols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="HTTPS" title="HTTPS">Encryption</a></li>

<li><a href="WebDAV" title="WebDAV">WebDAV</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="WebSocket" title="WebSocket">WebSocket</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Server_application_programming_interface" title="Server application programming interface">Server APIs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Netscape_Server_Application_Programming_Interface" title="Netscape Server Application Programming Interface">C NSAPI</a></li>

<li><a href="Apache_HTTP_Server#Feature_overview" title="Apache HTTP Server">C ASAPI</a></li>

<li><a href="Internet_Server_Application_Programming_Interface" title="Internet Server Application Programming Interface">C ISAPI</a></li>

<li><a href="Jakarta_Servlet" title="Jakarta Servlet">Jakarta Servlet</a>

<ul><li><a href="Web_container" title="Web container">container</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="HTTP_handler" title="HTTP handler">ASP.NET Handler</a></li>

<li><a href="Web_Server_Gateway_Interface" title="Web Server Gateway Interface">Python WSGI</a></li>

<li><a href="Asynchronous_Server_Gateway_Interface" title="Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface">Python ASGI</a></li>

<li><a href="JSGI" title="JSGI">JavaScript JSGI</a></li>

<li><a href="Java_Portlet_Specification" title="Java Portlet Specification">Portlet</a>

<ul><li><a href="Java_Portlet_Specification" title="Java Portlet Specification">container</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_Apache_modules" title="List of Apache modules">Apache modules</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes">mod_include</a></li>

<li><a href="Mod_parrot" class="mw-redirect" title="Mod parrot">mod_parrot</a></li>

<li><a href="Mod_proxy" title="Mod proxy">mod_proxy</a></li>

<li><a href="Mod_python" title="Mod python">mod_python</a></li>

<li><a href="Phusion_Passenger" title="Phusion Passenger">Phusion Passenger</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Web_service" title="Web service">Web service</a> vs. <a href="Web_resource" title="Web resource">Web resource</a></li>

<li><a href="Webhook" title="Webhook">Webhook</a></li>

<li><a href="Application_server" title="Application server">Application server</a>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_application_servers" title="List of application servers">comparison</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Server-side_scripting" title="Server-side scripting">Scripting</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold"><div id="Client-side89"><a href="Client-side" class="mw-redirect" title="Client-side">Client-side</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Plug-in_(computing)" title="Plug-in (computing)">Browser APIs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="NPAPI" title="NPAPI">C NPAPI</a>

<ul><li><a href="NPAPI#LiveConnect" title="NPAPI">LiveConnect</a></li>

<li><a href="NPAPI#XPConnect" title="NPAPI">XPConnect</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="NPAPI#NPRuntime" title="NPAPI">C NPRuntime</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_Native_Client#Pepper" title="Google Native Client">C PPAPI</a>

<li><a href="ActiveX" title="ActiveX">ActiveX</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Web_API#Client_side" title="Web API">Web APIs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="WHATWG" title="WHATWG">WHATWG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="HTML_audio" title="HTML audio">Audio</a></li>

<li><a href="Canvas_element" title="Canvas element">Canvas</a></li>

<li><a href="HTML_video" title="HTML video">Video</a></li>

<li><a href="WebSocket" title="WebSocket">WebSockets</a></li>

<li><a href="Web_Messaging" title="Web Messaging">Web messaging</a></li>

<li><a href="Web_storage" title="Web storage">Web storage</a></li>

<li><a href="Web_worker" title="Web worker">Web worker</a></li>

<li><a href="XMLHttpRequest" title="XMLHttpRequest">XMLHttpRequest</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="World_Wide_Web_Consortium" title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="DOM_event" title="DOM event">DOM events</a></li>

<li><a href="W3C_Geolocation_API" title="W3C Geolocation API">Geolocation</a></li>

<li><a href="Indexed_Database_API" title="Indexed Database API">IndexedDB</a></li>

<li><a href="WebAssembly" title="WebAssembly">WebAssembly</a></li>

<li><a href="WebAuthn" title="WebAuthn">WebAuthn</a></li>

<li><a href="WebRTC" title="WebRTC">WebRTC</a></li>

<li><a href="WebXR" title="WebXR">WebXR</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Khronos_Group" title="Khronos Group">Khronos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="WebCL" title="WebCL">WebCL</a></li>

<li><a href="WebGL" title="WebGL">WebGL</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gears_(software)" title="Gears (software)">Gears</a></li>

<li><a href="Web_SQL_Database" title="Web SQL Database">Web SQL Database</a> (formerly W3C)</li>

<li><a href="WebUSB" title="WebUSB">WebUSB</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ajax_(programming)" title="Ajax (programming)">Ajax</a> and <a href="Remote_scripting" title="Remote scripting">Remote scripting</a> vs. <a href="Dynamic_HTML" title="Dynamic HTML">DHTML</a></li>

<li><a href="Browser_extension" title="Browser extension">Browser extension</a></li>

<li><a href="Cross-site_scripting" title="Cross-site scripting">Cross-site scripting</a> and <a href="Cross-origin_resource_sharing" title="Cross-origin resource sharing">CORS</a></li>

<li><a href="Hydration_(web_development)" title="Hydration (web development)">Hydration</a></li>

<li><a href="Mashup_(web_application_hybrid)" title="Mashup (web application hybrid)">Mashup</a></li>

<li><a href="Client-side_persistent_data" title="Client-side persistent data">Persistent data</a></li>

<li><a href="Dynamic_web_page#Client-side_scripting" title="Dynamic web page">Scripting</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Frontend_and_backend" title="Frontend and backend">Frontend and backend</a></li>

<li><a href="Microservices" title="Microservices">Microservices</a>

<li><a href="GraphQL" title="GraphQL">GraphQL</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Push_technology" title="Push technology">Push technology</a></li>

<li><a href="Solution_stack" title="Solution stack">Solution stack</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Static_web_page" title="Static web page">Static</a></li>

<li><a href="Dynamic_web_page" title="Dynamic web page">Dynamic</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Web_standards" title="Web standards">Web standards</a></li>

<li><a href="Web_API_security" title="Web API security">Web API security</a></li>

<li><a href="Web_application" title="Web application">Web application</a>

<li><a href="Single-page_application" title="Single-page application">Single-page</a></li>

<li><a href="Progressive_web_app" title="Progressive web app">Progressive</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Web_framework" title="Web framework">Web framework</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-08-08" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=WebGPU&oldid=1304802815">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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